In 2005, predictions from the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations suggest that by 2050 the global population will move beyond the 9.6 billion. In order to feed this much population, agricultural production needs to increase 70% by 2050. In 2017, a study published by BioScience, they conclude that an increase of approximately 25% to 70% above current production levels may be sufficient to meet 2050 crop demand [15]. Anyway, to do this, the farming industry must embrace IoT. In addition, change in climate conditions and drawbacks of intensive farming over land and water resources makes important to devise new methods to face future challenges in the agricultural sector.
By smart agriculture and farming we understand the application of modern information and communication technologies into agriculture and farming. From the point of view of the farmer, smart farming provides the farmer with opportunities for better decision-making and more efficient management.
Farmers can manage their farming practices remotely. Thus, data can be collected from satellites or drones. Sensors in the fields, on animals, in the soil can transmit real time data. This is a cost effective method and an accurate means to predict and protect the growth of agricultural crops.
Application |
Description |
Increased Quality Production |
Analyzing production quality and results in correlation to treatment can teach farmers to adjust processes to increase quality of the product. |
Green Houses |
Control micro-climate conditions to maximize the production of fruits and vegetables and its quality. |
Golf Courses |
Selective irrigation in dry zones to reduce the water resources required in the green. |
Meteorological Station Network |
Study of weather conditions in fields to forecast ice formation, rain, drought, snow or wind changes. |
Compost |
Control of humidity and temperature levels in alfalfa, hay, straw, etc. to prevent fungus and other microbial contaminants. |
Hydroponics |
Control the exact conditions of plants grown in water to get the highest efficiency crops. |
Offspring Care |
Control of growing conditions of the offspring in animal farms to ensure its survival and health. |
Animal Tracking |
Location and identification of animals grazing in open pastures or location in big stables. |
Toxic Gas Levels |
Study of ventilation and air quality in farms and detection of harmful gases from excrements. |
Remote monitoring |
Local and commercial farmers can monitor multiple fields in multiple locations around the globe from an internet connection. Decision can be made in real time and from anywhere. |