The study of computer security entails acquiring knowledge about and categorizing the most common infection propagation techniques, as well as understanding the exploitation of security vulnerabilities, both local and remote. It is essential to understand the main software exploitation mechanisms, such as stack and buffer overflows, as well as heap overflows. Additionally, software and hardware infection techniques should be investigated to be prepared for potential attacks. Finally, being aware of the main attacks resulting from social engineering is crucial, as these can compromise the security of computer systems.